Resveratrol (Res) is a plant extract with strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiaging biological activities. However, Res is limited by its disadvantages, such as poor solubility, rapid metabolism and low bioavailability. In this study, the Resveratrol-loaded TEMPO-oxidized cellulose aerogel (RLTA) drug delivery system was prepared by the method of “dissolution-freeze-drying” and characterized by a series of analysis. Then the blood biochemical indexes and HE staining were measured and analyzed in animal experiments. The in vivo results showed that RLTA can decrease the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 inflammatory factors in the synovial fluid. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism was investigated through the analysis of silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (Sirt1) protein expression, which suggested that RLTA could upregulate the expression of Sirt1 and mediate the P38 signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the expression of COX-2 and MMP13 which can suppress the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α inflammatory factor. These results reveal that cellulose aerogel is a promising candidate for drug delivery and RLTA has great potential application for the treatment of sports osteoarthritis.
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